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1.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 52: e20170415, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041504

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Genetic polymorphisms define the cytokine production leading to susceptibility or resistance to diseases. We studied the cytokine polymorphism in the development of tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL). METHODS: Genotyping of TNF-α, TGF-β1, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 were performed by polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS: G and C alleles of TGF- β1 (codon 25) were the most common in controls and patients, respectively. G/G was the most frequent genotype in controls, and G/C and C/C in patients. CONCLUSIONS: G/G genotype of codon 25 in TGF-β1 appeared to confer resistance, and G/C and C/C genotypes, susceptibility to TL in this population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Snake Bites/diagnosis , Snakes/anatomy & histology , Snake Bites/epidemiology , Snakes/classification , Snakes/physiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Colubridae , Diagnostic Errors
2.
Rev. bras. hematol. hemoter ; 37(5): 336-340, Sept.-Oct. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-764214

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of the Torque teno virus in healthy donors in the northern and northwestern regions of the state of Paraná, southern Brazil.METHODS: The Torque teno virus was detected by a nested polymerase chain reaction using a set of oligoprimers for the N22 region.RESULTS: The prevalence of the virus was 69% in 551 healthy blood donors in southern Brazil. There was no statistically significant difference between the presence of the virus and the variables gender, ethnicity and marital status. There was significant difference in the prevalence of the virus regarding the age of the donors (p-value = 0.024) with a higher incidence (74.7%) in 18- to 24-year-old donors.CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of Torque teno virus was observed in the population studied. Further studies are needed to elucidate the routes of contamination and the clinical implications of the virus in the healthy population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Virology , Blood Donors , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Torque teno virus , Anelloviridae
3.
Acta sci., Health sci ; 37(2): 175-179, jul.-dez. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-832091

ABSTRACT

While a 42-year-old male patient was being prepared for deceased-donor renal transplantation, anti-HLA-A2 antibodies were detected in the serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The patient denied any transfusion history and previous transplant. Crossmatch by complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and CDC with anti -human globulin (CDC-AHG) proved negative with a four-cell panel with positive typing for HLA-A2. Adsorption of antibodies with platelets and analysis of eluate were suggested to elucidate discrepancies in results by ELISA and by CDC-AHG. ELISA showed that adsorbed serum with platelets did not reveal antibodies for HLA-A2 specificity and suggested that they were removed by their specific binding with HLA-A2 antigens on the platelet surface. Eluate analysis by ELISA showed antibodies for HLA-A2 specificity. No antibodies for HLA-A2 specificity in the non-adsorbed serum were detected by CDC-AHG method. Revision of patient's data showed that a previous transfusion had occurred, which may have been the source of HLA sensitization. The suggested method may be a contribution towards the evaluation of sensitivity between CDC-AHG and ELISA methods for characterizing antibodies in the patient's serum.


Enquanto um paciente do sexo masculino de 42 anos de idade estava sendo preparado para o transplante renal de doador falecido, anticorpos anti-HLA-A2 foram detectados no soro pelo método de ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA). O paciente negava história de transfusão e transplante anterior. Prova-cruzada por citotoxicidade dependente de complemento (CDC) e CDC com antiglobulina humana (CDC-AGH) foram negativos com um painel de quatro células com tipagem positiva para HLA-A2. O método de adsorção de anticorpos com plaquetas e análise do eluato foi sugerido para explicar as discrepâncias dos resultados de ELISA e CDC-AGH. O método de ELISA mostrou que o soro adsorvido com plaquetas não revelou anticorpos para especificidade HLA-A2, sugerindo que eles foram removidos por meio de sua ligação específica com os antígenos HLA-A2 na superfície das plaquetas. A análise do eluato por ELISA mostrou anticorpos para especificidade HLA-A2. Nenhum anticorpo para especificidade HLA-A2 foi detectada no soro não adsorvido pelo método de CDC-AGH. Revisão dos dados do paciente mostrou que houve transfusão anterior, podendo ter sido a fonte de sensibilização HLA. O método sugerido é uma contribuição para avaliação da sensibilidade entre os métodos de CDC-AGH e ELISA em caracterizar anticorpos no soro do paciente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Kidney Transplantation , HLA Antigens , Antibodies
4.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 46(1): 307-311, 05/2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-748242

ABSTRACT

Patients who undergo dialysis treatment or a renal transplant have a high risk of blood-borne viral infections, including the Torque teno virus (TTV). This study identified the presence of TTV and its genome groups in blood samples from 118 patients in dialysis and 50 renal-transplant recipients. The research was conducted in a hospital in the city of Maringá, state of Paraná. The viral DNA, obtained from whole blood, was identified by using two nested Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR). The frequencies of TTV were 17% and 36% in dialysis patients using the methodology proposed by Nishizawa et al. (1997) and Devalle and Niel (2004), respectively, and 10% and 54% among renal-transplant patients. There was no statistically significant association between the frequency of the pathogen and the variables: gender, time in dialysis, time since transplant, blood transfusions, and the concomitant presence of hepatitis B, for either the dialysis patients or the renal-transplant recipients. Among dialysis patients and renal-transplant recipients, genogroup 5 was predominant (48% and 66% respectively), followed by genogroup 4 (37% and 48%) and genogroup 1 (23% and 25%). Genogroup 2 was present in both groups of patients. Some patients had several genogroups, but 46% of the dialysis patients and 51% of the renal-transplant recipients had only a single genogroup. This study showed a high prevalence of TTV in dialysis patients and renal-transplant recipients.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Blood/virology , DNA Virus Infections/epidemiology , DNA Virus Infections/virology , Torque teno virus/classification , Torque teno virus/isolation & purification , Brazil/epidemiology , Coinfection/epidemiology , Coinfection/virology , Genotype , Hospitals , Kidney Transplantation , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prevalence , Renal Dialysis , Transplant Recipients , Torque teno virus/genetics
5.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 57(6): 895-899, Nov-Dec/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-730390

ABSTRACT

A subgroup of tumor that has received attention is triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which presents phenotype of negative estrogen receptor, negative progesterone receptor and has no overexpression of HER2. TP53 acts as a tumor suppressor limiting the proliferation of damaged cells. A polymorphic site (rs1042522) of TP53 encodes either an arginine or a proline amino acid, but its biological significance remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate this variant and its expression in search for a possible involvement in TNBC susceptibility and clinical outcome. Genetic polymorphism was evaluated in 50 patients and 115 controls by PCR based methodology and immunohistochemistry was done with monoclonal antibody. Case-control study showed no positive or negative association (OR= 0.95; CI95%= 0.48-1.89). Comparison of genotypes and clinical outcome showed no significant results. Despite most of patients presented p53 positive staining by immunohistochemistry, there was no significant association in relation to prognostic parameters. Results demonstrated a lack of association between codon 72 polymorphism, susceptibility and prognosis of TNBC. Immunohistochemistry analysis should be done more carefully, since most of the patients had the somatic mutation of p53, which could be an indicator of prognostic value in TNBC.

6.
Rev Rene (Online) ; 15(5): 753-759, Set-Out. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-748712

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se investigar a soroprevalência do Citomegalovírus Humano em dialíticos e transplantados renais e a associação com a hemotransfusão e o sexo. Trata-se de estudo transversal, realizado nos anos de 2011 e 2012, no município de Maringá, PA, Brasil. A população estudada foi composta por 203 pacientes dialíticos e 53 transplantados renais e a identificação viral foi realizada por meio de técnica sorológica. Encontrou-se 96% (195) de soropositividade para o anti-HCMV-IgG em dialíticos e 100% nos transplantados; 5% (10) de soropositividade para o anti-HCMV-IgM em dialíticos e 37,7% (20) em transplantados. Realizando o teste exato de Fischer, não houve associação significante entre a soropositividade do anti-HCMV com a hemotransfusão e o gênero. A grande parcela de infectados sugere a importância do cuidado de enfermagem para evitar a infecção cruzada durante os procedimentos de rotina...


The aim of this study was at investigating the seroprevalence of Human Cytomegalovirus in dialysis and kidney transplantedpatients and the association with hemodialysis and sex. It is a cross sectional study made in 2011 and 2012 in the countyof Maringá, PR, Brazil. The studied population consisted of 203 dialysis patients and 53 kidney transplanted patients andthe viral identification was made through serological technique. The study found 96% (195) seropositivity for anti-HCMVIgG in dialysis patients and 100% in the transplanted ones; 5% (10) seropositivity for anti-HCMV-IgM in dialysis patientsand 37.7% (20) in transplanted ones. Performing Fisher’s exact test, there was no significant association between theseroprevalence of anti-HCMV with hemodialysis and gender. A large number of infected patients suggest the importance ofnursing care to avoid cross-infection during routine procedures...


El objetivo fue investigar la seroprevalencia de Citomegalovirus Humano en dialíticos y trasplantados renales y la asociacióncon la transfusión de sangre y el sexo. Estudio transversal, llevado a cabo de 2011 a 2012, en Maringá, PR, Brasil. La poblaciónfue compuesta de 203 pacientes dialíticos y 53 trasplantados renales y la identificación viral se realizó mediante la técnicaserológica. Se encontró 96% (195) de seropositividad para anti-HCMV-IgG en dialíticos y 100% en los trasplantados; 5%(10) de seropositividad para anti-HCMV-IgM en dialíticos y 37,7% (20) en trasplantados. Realizándose la prueba exacta deFisher, no hubo asociación significativa entre la seropositividad del anti-HCMV con la transfusión de sangre y género. A lagran parte de los infectados se señala la importancia de la atención de enfermería para prevenir la infección cruzada durantelos procedimientos de rutina...


Subject(s)
Cytomegalovirus , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
7.
Acta sci., Health sci ; 36(1): 11-14, jan.-jun. 2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-833420

ABSTRACT

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a set of genes found on the short arm of chromosome 6. MHC molecules in human beings are known as human leukocyte antigens (HLA). HLA polymorphism can be determined by serological and molecular typing methods, which may yield discordant results. The present analysis performed HLA typing of samples with discordant results by PCR-SSP and PCR-SSO, so that typing discrepancies could be clarified. The cross-sectional study analyzed 33 samples from individuals included in an HLA-disease association study. Discrepant alleles were observed in 6 of 33 samples. Discordant samples were retyped using One Lambda Micro SSP™, Dynal RELI™ SSO and Luminex™ SSO assays for HLA class I (HLA-A, HLA-B) and class II (HLA-DRB1) molecules. The three methods produced concordant results after HLA retyping. Human error occurred in interpreting the initial results, which led to discrepancies in the results obtained. The participation of experienced professionals and the availability of at least two different methods to confirm doubtful or inconclusive results are mandatory for effective HLA typing.


O complexo principal de histocompatibilidade (MHC) é um conjunto de genes encontrados no braço curto do cromossomo 6. Em humanos, as moléculas de MHC são conhecidas como antígenos leucocitários humanos (HLA). Polimorfismo HLA pode ser determinado por métodos de tipagem sorológica e molecular que são susceptíveis de produzir resultados discordantes. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar a tipagem HLA de amostras com resultados discordantes por PCR-SSP e-SSO e para esclarecer discrepâncias de digitação. Este estudo transversal analisou 33 amostras de indivíduos incluídos em um estudo de associação HLA-doença. Alelos discrepantes foram observados em seis das 33 amostras. Amostras discordantes foram retyped usando One Lambda Micro SSP™, Dynal RELI™ SSO Luminex e ensaios ™ SSO para HLA de classe I (HLA-A, HLA-B) e classe II (HLA-DRB1) moléculas. Todos os três métodos apresentaram resultados concordantes após HLA redigitação. Houve erro humano na interpretação dos resultados iniciais o que levou a uma discrepância entre os resultados obtidos. Concluiu-se que a participação de profissionais experientes e com a disponibilidade de pelo menos dois métodos diferentes para confirmar os resultados duvidosos ou inconclusivos são essenciais para a tipagem de HLA eficaz.


Subject(s)
Histocompatibility Testing , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Cross-Sectional Studies , HLA Antigens
8.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 57(2): 228-232, Mar.-Apr. 2014. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-705757

ABSTRACT

Torque Teno Virus (TTV) presence was investigated in peripheral blood of 117 brazilian women by nested polymerase chain reaction. TTV DNA was observed in 18.6% of healthy donors and in 24.32% Human Papillomavirus (HPV) patients. TTV presence was also investigated in the HPV positive group for comparison between the cervical cancer and noncancerous patients. TTV DNA prevalence was significantly higher among the HPV positive patients with cervical cancer (57.14%) than in HPV noncancerous patients (16.67%). Thus, the presence of TTV infection could be a risk factor for cancer development in the patients presenting HPV-TTV coinfection. Further studies are required to clarify the TTV influence in HPV pathogenesis.

9.
Sci. med ; 23(3): 156-162, jul-set. 2013. tab, mapas
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-707303

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Analisar as características sociodemográficas e clínicas de pacientes portadores da doença renal policística do adulto admitidos nos serviços de hemodiálise no noroeste do estado do Paraná.Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo e retrospectivo. Foram revisados os prontuários de pacientes com rins policísticos admitidos para hemodiálise entre 1995 e 2012, em quatro centros que atendem pacientes da área de abrangência da 15ª Regional de Saúde do Paraná.Resultados: Observou-se que 10,3% dos pacientes em hemodiálise tinham rins policísticos como principal causa de doença renal crônica estágio 5. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 54,9±9,4 anos (variando entre 27 e 74 anos), com distribuição igual entre os sexos e predominância caucasiana (72,9%). A idade média de ingresso na hemodiálise foi de 50±10,2 anos. A manifestação clínica associada mais comum foi a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (66,7%). Cisto hepático foi a principal manifestação extrarrenal (10,4%). Vinte e cinco por cento dos pacientes evoluíram para transplante renal e 22,9% foram submetidos à nefrectomia. As classes de drogas anti-hipertensivas mais amplamente usadas foram os ?-bloqueadores (41,7%) e as drogas que diminuem a atividade do sistema renina-angiotensina (31,3%), enquanto 56,3% dos pacientes fizeram uso de eritropoetina humana recombinante.Conclusões: Este estudo epidemiológico foi pioneiro na região noroeste do Paraná. Encontrou-se, na população estudada, um perfil sociodemográfico e clínico da doença renal policística do adulto semelhante ao da América do Norte e Europa, provavelmente pela constituição étnica da amostragem ser predominantemente de euro-descendentes.


Aims: To analyze the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with adult polycystic kidney disease admitted to hemodialysis services in Northwestern Paraná state, Brazil. Methods: This was an observational, descriptive and retrospective longitudinal study. Medical records of patients with polycystic kidneys who initiated hemodialysis between 1995 and 2012, in four centers that treat patients of the coverage area of the 15th Regional Health Region of Paraná stat e where analyzed. Results: We found that 10.3% of hemodialysis patients had polycystic kidney disease as a leading cause of stage 5 of chronic kidney disease. The mean age of patients was 54.9±9.4 years (ranging between 27 and 74 years), with equal gender distribution and Caucasian predominance (72.9%). The average age of dialysis initiation was 50±10.2 years. The most common comorbidity was systemic hypertension (66.7%). Liver cyst was the main extra-renal manifestation (10.4%). Twenty-five percent of the patients required renal transplantation, and (22.9%) undergone nephrectomy. The most widely used classes of antihypertensive drugs were β -blockers (41.7%) and drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin system (31.3%), while 56.3% of patients were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin. Conclusions: This is a pioneering epidemiological study in Northwestern Paraná state. We found in this population a sociodemographic and clinical profile of adult polycystic kidney disease similar to that of North America and Europe, probably because the ethnic constitution of the sample was predominantly of Euro-descendants.


Subject(s)
Renal Dialysis , Kidney Failure, Chronic , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant
10.
Semina cienc. biol. saude ; 34(1): 63-72, jan./jul. 2013. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-724404

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a prevalência de diálise em mulheres no estado do Paraná, município de Maringá e região metropolitana. Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, de corte transversal. Foi estudada a prevalência de diálise em mulheres no estado do Paraná, município de Maringá e região metropolitana, no período de 1999 a 2007, através do Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIA/SUS), no programa do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS).Houve aumento da taxa de prevalência de diálise em mulheres no estado do Paraná, município de Maringá e região metropolitana no período de 1999 a 2007. No estado do Paraná, houve um crescimento de 1,71 mulheres em diálise por 100.000 habitantes do sexo feminino anualmente (p≤0,05), as faixas etárias 30 a 59 anos e 60 anos e mais se revelaram como fatores de risco para realizar diálise no sexofeminino. No município de Maringá e região metropolitana, houve um crescimento de 0,88 de mulheresem diálise por 100.000 habitantes do sexo feminino anualmente (p≤0,05), a faixa etária 60 anos e mais se revelou como fator de risco para realizar diálise no sexo feminino.


The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of dialysis in women in the state of Paraná, Maringá and metropolitan region. It is a quantitative, descriptive and transversal cut study. We studied the prevalence of dialysis in women from Parana state, Maringa city and metropolitan region in the period1999 to 2007 through the Outpatient Information System of the Unified Health System (SIA / SUS), theprogram of the Department of Informatics Unified Health System (DATASUS). Increased prevalence ofdialysis in women from Parana state, Maringá and metropolitan region in the period 1999 to 2007. In the Paraná state, an increase of 1,71 women per 100,000 dialysis females annually (p ≤ 0.05), ages 30 to 59 years and 60 years and more were revealed as factors risk to perform dialysis in females. In Maringa and the metropolitan region, an increase of 0,88 women per 100,000 dialysis females annually (p ≤ 0.05),age 60 years and more was revealed as a risk factor to perform dialysis in females.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Dialysis , Renal Dialysis , Women , Women's Health
11.
Rev. bras. hematol. hemoter ; 35(6): 395-399, 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-699999

ABSTRACT

Background: So that an improvement in the selection of donors can be achieved and the risk to the recipient of transfused blood can be reduced, prospective donors are submitted to clinical and serological screening. Objective: This study investigated the blood discard rate and the rate of infectious and contagious diseases in blood donors from provincial towns of the state of Paraná, Brazil. Methods: This study was an exploratory cross-sectional descriptive investigation with a quantitative approach of donations between January and December 2011. Results: In the study period the Regional Blood center in Maringá, Brazil received 8337 blood donations from people living in the city and neighboring towns. However, 278 (3.33%) donations were discarded during serological screening owing to one or more positive serological markers. A total of 46.4% of the discarded blood units were confirmed positive by serology with anti-HBc being the most common (66.7%), followed by syphilis (22.5%), HBsAg (4.7%), anti-hepatitis C virus (3.1%), human immunodeficiency virus (1.5%) and Chagas' disease (1.5%). The rate of infectious-contagious diseases that can be transmitted by blood transfusions was 1.55% (129/8337) of the donor population with a frequency of 1.03% for anti-HBc and 0.35% for syphilis. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a high prevalence of the anti-HBc marker in prospective blood donors from provincial towns in the state of Paraná, Brazil. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Banks , Blood Safety , Blood Donors/statistics & numerical data , Hemotherapy Service , Hepatitis C/transmission , Biomarkers , Quality Control , Serology , Brazil
12.
Acta sci., Health sci ; 34(ed. esp): 247-250, jan.-dez. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515

ABSTRACT

The profile of patients undergoing haemodialysis in the dialysis unit of Hospital Santa Casa de Maringá, Maringá PR Brazil, is provided. A questionnaire on social and economic data and underlying diseases prior to the Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) identified the patients' profile. The project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the institution. Eighty-three patients, with 54.21% males, were interviewed. Age bracket ranged between 20 and 59 years in 65.06% of patients. Only 27.71% maintained jobs after the diagnosis and the start of treatment; 63.86% had an average personal income between 1 and 3 minimum wages; 63.85% did not practice any physical activity. Moreover, 53.01% belonged to the European-Brazilian white group; 20.48% to the Afro-Brazilian brown group; 19.28% to the Afro-Brazilian Negro group; 6.02% to other ethnic groups. Further, 85.54% patients reported having an underlying disease prior to the CKD, namely, 61.45% were hypertensive; 31.33% were diabetics and 20.48% had other diseases. Results show the need of a greater attention to these patients' health care to reduce the negative impacts related to the chronic disease focused.


Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar o perfil dos pacientes em tratamento hemodialítico do setor de diálise do Hospital Santa Casa de Maringá - Paraná, Brasil. Para a identificação do perfil destes pacientes foi utilizado um questionário contendo questões que abrangem dados socioeconômicos e doenças de base anteriores à Insuficiência Renal Crônica (IRC). O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da instituição. Entre os 83 pacientes entrevistados, 54,21% eram do sexo masculino. A faixa etária variou de 20 a 59 anos para 65,06% dos pacientes. Somente 27,71% continuaram trabalhando após o diagnóstico e início do tratamento. A renda pessoal média ficou entre um e três salários mínimos para 63,86% dos indivíduos. A atividade física está ausente em 63,85%. Quanto à etnia, foi verificado que 53,01% eram brasileiros descendentes de europeus/brancos, 20,48% brasileiros afrodescendentes/pardos, 19,28% brasileiros afrodescendentes/negros e 6,02% declararam como pertencentes à outras etnias. Entre os pacientes, 85,54% declararam possuir outra doença de base anterior à IRC sendo: 61,45% hipertensão arterial, 31,33% diabetes e 20,48% outras doenças. Estes resultados indicam a necessidade de uma melhor atenção ao cuidado da saúde desses pacientes para a redução dos impactos negativos relacionados à cronicidade da doença.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Public Health , Dialysis , Renal Insufficiency
13.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 43(3): 923-930, July-Sept. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-656654

ABSTRACT

The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage among dialysis and kidney transplant patients, to identify the antimicrobial resistance profile of these strains and to verify their genetic profiles with the RW3A primer. The study included 159 individuals, comprising 111 dialysis and 48 kidney transplant patients. Of the 48 transplant patients, 75% were positive for S. aureus, whereas 49% of the 111 dialysis patients were carriers. Two samples yielded conflicting results for oxacillin sensitivity between the disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays: both were sensitive by the disk diffusion assay and resistant by MIC (4 μg/ml). In the antibiogram by disk diffusion, ten samples were resistant to cefoxitin, among which eight were also resistant to oxacillin. The resistance of the ten samples to cefoxitin by the disk diffusion assay was confirmed by MIC. Of the ten oxacillin-resistant samples, eight harbored the mecA gene. All samples were sensitive to vancomycin, and most were resistant to penicillin and demonstrated high rates of resistance to the other antimicrobials tested. The samples from dialysis patients exhibited a more homogenous genetic profile. Among the samples with a high percent similarity, no correlation with sensitivity or resistance to oxacillin was observed. According to the results of this study, the implementation of prevention and control measures, such as increased restrictions on prescriptions for antimicrobial drugs and nasal decontamination prior to high-risk procedures, is recommended.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Dialysis , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Gene Frequency , In Vitro Techniques , Kidney Transplantation , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Oxacillin/analysis , Phenotype , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Staphylococcus aureus/genetics , Genotype , Inpatients , Methods
14.
Acta paul. enferm ; 24(2): 213-218, 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-585923

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Verificar a prevalência de carreamento nasal, perfil fenotípico e genotípico de S. aureus isolados de estudantes de enfermagem. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, com população composta por 101 alunos, cursando as três primeiras séries do curso de graduação em Enfermagem no ano de 2008. S. aureus foi isolado de material biológico obtido dos vestíbulos nasais através de swab. A susceptibilidade à oxacilina e vancomicina foi determinada pelo teste de concentração inibitória mínima. A presença do gene MecA foi determinada pelo teste de reação em cadeia da polimerase. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se 90,1 por cento de positividade para S. aureus. A frequência de resistência à oxacilina foi de 9,8 por cento e todas as amostras foram sensíveis à vancomicina. A oito amostras resistentes À oxacilina apresentaram o gene MecA. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência foi elevada. A resistência à oxacilna foi expressiva e todas as amostras foram sensíveis à vancomicina. As amostras resistentes à oxacilina carreavam o gene MecA.


OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of nasal entrainment, phenotypic and genotypic profile of Staphylococcus aureus, asisolated from nursing students. METHODS: A cross-sectional population of 101 students enrolled in the first three grades of the undergraduate nursing course in 2008. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from biological material obtained from the swab through the nasal vestibules. Susceptibility to oxacillin and vancomycin was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration test. The mecA gene was identified by testing the polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: There was a 90.1 percent positive finding of Staphylococcus aureus. The frequency of oxacillin resistance was 9.8 percent; all samples were sensitive to vancomycin. The eight strains resistant to oxacillin carried the mecA gene. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus was high. Oxacillin resistance was significant, but all strains were sensitive to vancomycin. Isolates resistant to oxacillin carried the mecA gene.


OBJETIVO: Verificar la prevalencia de transporte nasal, perfil fenotípico y genotípico de S. aureus aislados de estudiantes de enfermería. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal, con población compuesta por 101 alumnos, cursando las tres primeras series del Pregrado en Enfermería en el año 2008. El S. aureus fue aislado del material biológico obtenido de los vestíbulos nasales a través de swab. La susceptibilidad a la oxacilina y vancomicina fue determinada por el test de concentración inhibitoria mínima. La presencia del gen MecA fue determinada por el test de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. RESULTADOS: Se verificó el 90,1 por ciento de positividad para el S. aureus. La frecuencia de resistencia a la oxacilina fue de 9,8 por ciento y todas las muestras fueron sensibles a la vancomicina. Las ocho muestras resistentes a la oxacilina presentaron el gen MecA. CONCLUSION: La prevalencia fue elevada. La resistencia a la oxacilina fue expresiva y todas las muestras fueron sensibles a la vancomicina. Las muestras resistentes a la oxacilina transportaban el gen MecA.

15.
Acta sci., Health sci ; 31(2): 95-99, jul.-dez. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-538250

ABSTRACT

As moléculas HLA (Human Leucocyte Antigens) são consideradas, principalmente, estruturas de superfície celular envolvidas em uma variedade de reações imunes associadas com transplante, infecções e doenças autoimunes. Os antígenos HLA também podem ser encontrados, em forma solúvel, no soro e em diferentes fluidos do organismo humano. Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver a técnica imunoenzimática (ELISA) para quantificar os níveis séricos de antígenos HLA classe I, específicos e totais, em indivíduos normais e em pacientes renais. A técnica de ELISA foidesenvolvida para demonstrar a presença, no soro, de antígenos HLA classe I totais (sHLAI) e as especificidades HLA-A2 (sHLA-A2) e HLA-B7 (sHLA-B7). Oitenta e oito amostras de soro foram envolvidas neste estudo, sendo 61 amostras provenientes de indivíduos sadioscadastrados no Hemocentro Regional de Maringá, Estado do Paraná, e 27 pacientes renais, provenientes dos centros de diálise da cidade de Maringá, Estado do Paraná. As concentrações médias de sHLA para as especificidades -A2 e -B7, detectadas somente emindivíduos sadios, foram 504.06 ng mL-1 ± 142.10 e 427.33 ng mL-1 ± 140.73,respectivamente. Resultados preliminares mostraram que sHLA-I, em indivíduos sadios, foi de 253,77 ng mL-1 e, em indivíduos renais em diálise, de 381,67 ng mL-1. A técnica de ELISA para detecção de antígenos HLA solúveis poderá ser útil em estudos comparativos, em diferentes populações saudáveis, diferentes patologias e no monitoramento das rejeiçõe sem transplantes.


HLA (Human Leucocyte Antigens) molecules are regarded mainly as cell surface structures involved in several immune reactions associated with transplants, infections and auto-immunediseases. HLA antigens can be also found in soluble form in serum and in different fluids of the human body. The aim of this work was to develop the immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA) to quantify serum levels of specific and total soluble HLA class I antigens innormal individuals and in kidney patients. ELISA assay was developed to demonstrate the presence, in serum, of HLA-A2 (sHLA-A2), HLA-B7 (sHLA-B7) and total class I (sHLA-I) antigens. Eighty-eight serum samples were involved in this study, 61 from healthy individuals registered in the Regional Blood Center of the city of Maringá, Paraná State, and 27 kidney patients from dialysis centers of Maringá. The mean concentrations of sHLA-A2 and sHLA-B7, in healthy individuals, were respectively, 504.06 ng mL-1 ± 142.10and 427.33 ng mL-1 ± 140.73. Preliminary results showed that sHLA-I in healthy individuals was 253.77 ng mL-1, and 381.67 ng mL-1 in kidney dialysis patients. The ELISA assay couldbe useful to detect soluble HLA antigens in comparative studies in different healthy populations, in several pathologies and in monitoring rejection in transplantation.


Subject(s)
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , HLA Antigens
16.
Acta sci., Health sci ; 30(2)2008. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-538853

ABSTRACT

Investigação da associação do polimorfismo do receptor de quimiocinas CCR5 com câncer cervical em pacientes HPV positivos. O HPV é um dos maiores responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento do câncer cervical. É conhecido que asquimiocinas são importantes determinantes da resposta inflamatória precoce. O produto do gene do receptor de quimiocinas CCR5 está envolvido na quimiotaxia de leucócitos para sítios inflamatórios. No presente estudo, reações em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) de amostras de DNA genômico, utilizando iniciadores específicos para CCR5 que flanqueam a região de deleção, foram utilizadas para detectar produto de 225 bp para o alelo normal e193 bp para o alelo que apresenta a deleção de 32 bp. O genótipo selvagem foi o mais prevalente em ambos os grupos e não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa, com χ2= 1,519 (2 graus de liberdade; p > 0,05). Uma vez que a prevalência de indivíduos portadores do alelo D32 é pequena, são necessários mais estudos a fim de elucidar o papel do CCR5 no cancer cervical.


HPV is one of the most frequent causes for the development of cervical cancer. It is known that chemokines are important determinants of early inflammatory responses. The CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) gene is involved in the chemotaxis of leukocytes toward inflammation sites. In the present study, polymerase chain reactions (PCR) in genomic DNA samples, using specific CCR5 oligonucleotide primers surrounding the breakpoint deletion, detected a 225 bp product from the normal CCR5allele and a 193 bp product from the 32 bp deletion allele. The wild type genotype was prevalent in both group, but it was not statistically significant, with χ2 = 1.519 (2 degrees of freedom; p > 0.05). As there are a small number of D32 allele carriers, further studies areneeded to clarify the role of CCR5 in the cervical cancer.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Chemokines , Receptors, Chemokine , /analysis , Sexually Transmitted Diseases
17.
Acta sci., Health sci ; 26(2): 337-340, jul.-dez. 2004. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-413747

ABSTRACT

A detecção direta do polimorfismo HLA, que até recentemente era uma tarefa difícil, principalmente para os antígenos HLA de classe II, foi facilitada com o advento da reação de polimerização em cadeia (PCR) na definição de alelos por biologia molecular. Os métodos, sorológico e reação de amplificação em cadeia utilizando-se primer de seqüência específica (PCR-SSP), foram comparados na tipificação dos antígenos/alelos HLA-DR e -DQ em doadores saudáveis com o fenótipo de homozigose (“blanks”) e em pacientes que, por alguma razão, não foi possível tipificá-los pelo método sorológico. Este estudo demonstrou que 21 por cento dos doadores, apresentando “blanks” pelo método sorológico, tiveram seus alelos definidos pelo método molecular e 17 por cento dos pacientes renais, que não apresentavam quantidade e qualidade adequada de linfócitos B para a definição de seus antígenos HLA de classe II, todos foram definidos pelo método PCR-SSP. A tipagem molecular mostrou-se adequada para tipificar pacientes com baixa quantidade e qualidade de linfócitos B circulantes, diminuiu o índice de homozigose fenotípica para HLADR, possibilitou melhor definição dos “splits” de HLA-DQ1 e também evidenciou o estabelecimento de associações raras entre DRB1 e DQB1


Subject(s)
Humans , HLA Antigens , Lymphocytes , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction
18.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 99(6): 559-562, Oct. 2004. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-387900

ABSTRACT

Dengue is an infectious disease of viral etiology transmitted by the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti, A. albopictus, and A. scutellaris. It can develop either as a benign form or as a severe hemorrhagic form. Previous work showed an association of the hemorrhagic form with human leukocyte antigens (HLA), suggesting a role of genetic factors in disease susceptibility. Nevertheless, data on HLA association with the classical form of the disease is scarce in literature. Sixty-four patients and 667 normal individuals, living in the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil, were used as test and control group, respectively. The patients developed the disease during a virus 1 dengue outbreak either in Maringá city in 1995 (47) or in Paranavaí city in 1999 (17). The diagnostic was confirmed through serology and/or viral culture. HLA class I and II typing was performed by the classical microlynfocitotoxicity test using monoclonal antisera and fluorobeads. Qui-square statistical analysis confirmed a positive association with HLA-DQ1 (76.6 percent vs 57.7 percent; p = 0.005243; pc = 0.026215). HLA-DR1 also presented an increased frequency in the test group, not statistically significant after p correction though (32.8 percent vs 15.9 percent; p = 0.005729; pc = 0.080206). In conclusion, genetic factors may play a role on the susceptibility to the classical dengue, virus 1, in the Brazilian population. Further independent studies should be performed in the Brazilian population to confirm these preliminary data.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Dengue , Dengue Virus , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , HLA Antigens , Brazil , Case-Control Studies , Risk Factors
19.
Acta sci., Health sci ; 25(1): 35-40, jan.-jun. 2003. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-392923

ABSTRACT

Neste estudo foi investigado o perfil de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana e avaliação molecular de amostras de Enterococcus spp, isoladas de urina, secreção purulenta, sangue e ferida cirúrgica de pacientes do Hospital Universitário de Maringá, estado do Paraná, no período entre 1998 e 2000. As amostras foram avaliadas quanto à susceptibilidade a drogas, tipificadas através de JB1-PCR e investigadas quanto à presença de gene Van A e Van B. Das 58 amostras, 98,3 por cento foram classificadas como Enterococcus faecalis. Todas as amostras foram sensíveis à nitrofurantoína e vancomicina, 96,6 por cento sensíveis à ampicilina, 32,8 por cento foram resistentes à estreptomicina, 10,3 por cento resistentes à gentamicina e ciprofloxacina e 6,9 por cento resistentes a norfloxacina. Por meio do teste de CIM, para vancomicina, observou-se crescimento bacteriano até a concentração de 4μg/ml. Não foi detectada a presença de gene Van A e Van B. A amplificação por JB1-PCR proporcionou padrões de bandas com até 7 fragmentos sendo as amostras divididas em 6 grupos distintos. Não houve prevalência de algum padrão de bandeamento que denotasse a presença de um clone e não foi possível estabelecer correlação entre genótipo com resistência antimicrobiana


Subject(s)
Enterococcus , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Polymerase Chain Reaction
20.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 5(1): 09-15, jan.-abr. 2001. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-351035

ABSTRACT

Pulsed-field gradient gel electrophoresis (PFGE) conhecido também como orthogonal-field-alternation gel electrophoresis ( OFAGE) e reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) foram usados para tipificar 10 amostras clínicas de Enterococcus faecalis. PFGE, empregando-se Sma I gerou 10 padrões de restrição variando de 10 para 20 fragmentos. A técnica de PCR, realizada com os primers REP-1/2R, proporcionou 7 padrões de bandas variando de 4 para 10 fragmentos. Adotando-se a seqüência repetitiva JB1- 5ÆGATTTTATGGCCGTCCGC3Æ como iniciador na reação de amplificação, foram obtidos 6 padrões de bandeamento variando de 4 para 6 fragmentos. Por PCR, os genótipos foram agrupados, contudo apenas duas amostras foram consideradas idênticas simultaneamente através das técnicas de REP-PCR e JB1-PCR. O pequeno número de amostras não possibilitou a aplicação de qualquer tratamento estatístico para se avaliar a prevalência de algum genótipo. A heterogeneidade genética das cepas foi demonstrada por PFGE e PCR. Os padrões de restrição obtidos por PFGE foram mais facilmente interpretados do que os padrões de bandeamento gerados por PCR os quais apresentaram bandas grossas, sobrepostas e de baixa nitidez. O primer JB1, empregado pela primeira vez em estudo com Enterococcus faecalis, foi útil para a diferenciação de cepas desta espécie


Subject(s)
Humans , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Enterococcus faecalis , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Polymerase Chain Reaction
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